The August 19, 1982, at its emergency special session
on the question of Palestine, the General Assembly of the United Nations Organization, alarmed at the large number of innocent Palestinian and Lebanese children victims of acts of aggression by Israel, decided to commemorate 4 June of each year's International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression (Infojoven, 2005). In addition, since 2002, added a protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child United Nations, the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) on the involvement in armed conflict (CRC-OP-AC) which prohibited to recruit children and young people under 18 for use in armed conflict so far, this agreement has been signed by 116países and only 87 have ratified it. Mexico signed the Protocol on September 7, 2000 and ratified it on March 15, 2002 (UN).
The commemoration of the June 4 aims to promote the protection of child rights, in peace and security without the harmful effects produced by armed conflicts, it is urgent to enhance the protection of children for from involvement in such struggles (NHRC, 2005). June 4
This gives us a reason for not silencing the causes of guerrapermanente suffered by children in the world and affects millions of children and girls.
some frightening figures promptly let UNICEF:
-About half of the 3.6 million people have died in conflicts since 1990 was less than age.
"About 20 million children have had to flee their homes due to wars.
"In Sierra Leone there are absolute rates of mortality under five highest in the world after ten years of civil war: 284 of every 1,000 children do not reach their fifth birthday.
-Hundreds of thousands of children have been forced to witness acts of violence or
to participate. Many of them are forced to become sex slaves or be cooks, servants, messengers or spies.
"In Rwanda women, many of them survivors of rape, were tested for HIV during the five years following the 1994 genocide. Of these, 80% were HIV positive. Many had no sexual relations before the war.
-Children and adolescents are recruited to represent a human potential available, malleable and capable of performing various tasks on the front lines without measuring risks.
"The use of children in war is an equation that closes perfectly macabre minds . In general, children and adolescents obey without objection, may be pushed to commit atrocious acts and are cheaper than adults.
"The proliferation of small arms and light easy to use, such as pistols, revolvers, assault rifles, light, machine guns and grenades, it can be used to children as young as 10.
Other sources indicate that:
"In Colombia there are 6,000 children involved with armed groups. In the past 15 years, 1,100,000 children have become forcibly displaced and 5.250 have died as a result of landmines. Almost 3 million children work in conditions of high risk to their physical and mental health, and 800 thousand of them are under 11 years (Cifuentes).
-particularly in Colombia, every day seven children die violently (Godoy).
- Colombia is the fourth country in the world, "after Burma, Liberia and Congo, with the largest number of child combatants (Godoy).
"In Afghanistan, the children who represent half of the 21 million inhabitants of the country have been exposed to war and its disastrous consequences in the past two decades. They are the main victims of hunger, disease, illiteracy, forced labor and recruitment as soldiers (Network for the rights of children in Mexico).
"In the last decade, is estimated at 1.5 million the number of children killed in armed conflicts. Another 4 million have been disabled, crippled, blind or have suffered brain injuries. At least 5 million have become refugees and 12 million more have been uprooted from their communities. A much larger number suffered a deterioration in health, nutrition and education as a result of the destruction of crops, infrastructure, health centers and schools as a result of armed conflicts worldwide (Network for Children's Rights in Mexico).
"In Palestine, children, when born, are not considered individual beings, but above all they are Palestinians, as part a history and a common cause and represent the hopes and suffering of his people. Both Palestinian and Israeli children do not have the opportunity to choose, they have to take a situation that is given. Both were educated to fight the enemy, which can occur at any time (Sobrino).
"Despite some significant progress being achieved, more than 300,000 children who continue to engage and fighting in conflicts around the world (Sobrino).
-Currently there are over 120,000 child soldiers in Africa while the English are criticized for recruiting children at 16 years (UN).
"The social conditioning that idealizes war and teaches young children to suppress the sensitivity to be hard not to be afraid, not to mourn, evaluate the win above all, leads to the development of a "mental machismo" among the politicians who decide regardless of emotional or moral scruples. His "manhood" needs the "courage" to make decisions without worrying about the suffering they might evoke in others. The "cold" when making decisions, deeply attached to the values \u200b\u200bof the mystique of masculinity thus appears as the "ultimate expression" of male rationality. "
(Miedzian, 1996)
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